Four differences between Ralf and Marx Theory

1. society vs. classes

- In Malaysian society, conflict happen when the society's culture changes. For instance, during the old days, girls are not advised to further their studies because at the end of the day, they will end up doing housework(even though they have qualification in education)("orang perempuan belajar tinggi mane pun, ke ceruk dapur jua akhirnya!") . Nowadays, girls are free and being advised to pursue their studies to a higher level of education because there will be job waiting for them when they have graduated.

- In India, they have gap between the upper and lower classes that can be known as "kasta 1" and "kasta 2". Kasta 1 is the upper classes who have their own capital. Kasta 2 is the lower classes who only have energy and does not have the means of production. Kasta 2 suffer from poverty. They depends on Kasta 1 for job mainly as slaves. Conflict happens between them when Kasta 1 look down towards the Kasta 2.

2. authority vs. means of production

- Ralf's stated that society is divided into two which are those who have authority and those who do not have authority. Those who have authority are those who possesses legitimate power. They control and make decision for those who do not have authority.For example, government and people.

- Marx, in the other hand, stated that classes are divided into bourgeoisie and proletarial. Bourgeoisie are those who have the mass of production. They have energy, manpower and capital to initiate product. Proletarial are those who have not. They are more known as the working class society. They are being exploited by the Bourgeoisie.  

3. communism(utopian) vs. compromise 

- Communism, in which wanted to achieve the classless society which means everybody is equal in terms of their rights. Moreover, they also wanted to achieve the utopian society (ideal society). however, it is impossible to achive as nothing in this world is perfect. 

- Compromise means that the society willingly accept and follow any government rules, regulations and policies although sometimes they do not agree with those policies. The concept of compromise can be seen in social contract.

   

4. natural vs. complex

- Based on Marx theory, conflict can be seen as natural. The upper and lower classes are impossible to compromise.

- Based on Ralf theory, conflict are complex. Those who have authority have to persuade those who do not have the authority to agree with the decision made for them.